Afterwards, the syrup is filtered and poured into sterile jars. The Unique Manuka Factor (UMF) found in some Manuka honey is an antibacterial property which is especially effective for healing of stomach ulcer, sore throats, colds, indigestion, acne and pimples. Dandelion honey color ranges from an intense golden yellow to a darker hue as it crystallizes. Then strain and boil with fresh water and a sliced lemon. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. Dosage. This is best done in the morning, while the flowers are open. I've never done it and my dandelion honey tastes just amazing! Press down to make sure you get all of that dandelion juice out! Found only in New Zealand's costal areas, Manuka honey is collected from the flower of the Tea Tree bush. Add some other plants, like lavender or chamomile, to infuse your honey. Some might even believe its real honey! In cooking, a syrup or sirup is a condiment that is a thick . It's a vegan alternative to honey and it's absolutely delicious. The wax storage cell will then be capped, and the honey bees will repeat the process all over again. Simmer, uncovered, for 20 minutes. This is due to many beekeepers preference to leave the dandelion honey to the hive for food. Step 4: Remove pan from heat and let steep for 6 hours - overnight to infuse all the amazing benefits of dandelion. The next day, pour the liquid through a sieve into a second pot. The two most common sources in North American dandelion honey are Taraxacum officinale (the common dandelion) and Taraxacum laevigatum (red-seed or rock dandelion). Add this mixture to the rolled-out pastry. You need to make sure that you keep all the pollen inside the flowers, so you cant wash them! Place dandelion tea in a heavy saucepan and bring to a low boil. No kidding - both me and my children were amazed at how good this tasted. What you will need: 3 cups of dandelion petals. Middle of a large dandelion flowers patch (and not by the side of the main road)if(typeof ez_ad_units!='undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[300,250],'practicalfrugality_com-box-4','ezslot_12',167,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-practicalfrugality_com-box-4-0'); Check that the field (or near fields) have not been sprayed with any pesticides recently. Your email address will not be published. Leading honey producers, apiaries and beekeepers verify the content that we produce. 5 Incredible Benefits of Installing Solid Internal Wooden Doors, Frugal Funeral Planning: 5 Tips for Arranging a Funeral on a Budget . 23. You can also make dandelion infused honey. Once theyve finished the process, the dandelion honey will have a water content roughly below 20%. You can gather the ends of your cloth and gently squeeze to make sure that you get as much liquid as possible from the mixture.Weigh the dandelion liquid and then return to the cleaned pan with the same weight of sugar and place on a low heat. The recipe in the recipe card below is for vegan dandelion honey, but we will also go over the methods of making a fast and slow honey infusion in case you were looking for a true honey recipe. Your email address will not be published. No. However, there are several similar plants. Again though, these honey bees (also imported) tend to stick close to their hives and forage on the closest plants. Place a small saucer in the freezer for 20-30 minutes, and then add a drop or two of honey to the plate. Thus the Vegan Society does not consider honey vegan. Dandelion Honey is another great Vegan alternative to Honey, and properly done has a negligible environmental impact. We know that honey bees practice flower fidelity. It's hard to buy it because bee keepers will not collect it from the hive, they leave it for the colony to feed on after the long winter. Stir the mixture until the sugar dissolves and then leave to simmer gently, uncovered, for about an hour. (Literally. Some of my top recommendations include: I recommend foraging for these flowers in fields and gardens away from roads and pathways (aka where dogs walk. Sweet, golden and blossomy but this honey is made from dandelions not by bees! Can help boost your immune system to fight infection. Since dandelions are one of the first to sprout in early spring its often ideal to position the hives within large uncut fields, as they tend to be densely populated by dandelions as spring begins. Save whatever you didn't use for for Arugula and dandelion greens salad with dandelion root lemon vinaigrette or dandelion lemonade.What if my honey doesn't look thick enough?It will thicken as it cools, but if you feel certain it isn't syrupy enough, add another cup of sugar and continue to simmer. Beat eggs, sugar, vanilla sugar, butter, and coconut oil together. If not thickening adjust sugar level as needed and continue to simmer. Put the flowers together with 1 liter of water and the lemon in a large pot and simmer for 15 minutes. If you don't have quite enough dandelion tea, you can just add more distilled water until the liquid weighs 13.75 oz (390 g). Match the honey liquid with sugar. I do this in bowls of water so any dirt can sink to the bottom of the bowl. STEP 1. Furthermore, they believe that in beekeeping, honey bees are specifically bred to increase productivity. Once dissolved, bring to boil and carry on boiling for about 10-15 minutes. Dandelions are a flower that is found all over the world. and some people say that it is only the stem that adds the bitterness, so if youre short on time or dont want to remove the petals, its still worth having a go at making dandelion honey!Measure the volume of petals you have, put the petals into a saucepan and then add an equal volume of water. It's made by human hands by collecting flowers and adding sugar and water, so actually it should be called Dandelion syrup. Season the beets: Put beet wedges in a wide, low bowl or baking dish. Welcome to my kitchen and let my recipes inspire you! The liquid will firm up further once off of the burner, so take it off before it thickens too much. Step 2. Countryside (and not in the middle of a busy town park). document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); Hey! Between 40 and 60 minutes is the optional time. Collect and wash dandelion roots. Try to pick a few here and there so that you leave some for the bees and other insects. Try using orange slices in place of the lemon slices for a different citrus flavor. Dandelion Honey - Piedmont, Italy. Turn off the heat and allow the mixture to sit overnight. Filtered or pasteurised honey will break down and diminish these benefits. Contact Privacy Policy Terms of service. That, combined with the fact that many beekeepers leave the first combs of the year to the hive for food, means that dandelion honey is less plentiful than other monofloral varieties. When possible, continue to shop local. 1. It will be thick and quick to crystallize, and its colour will darken as it does. You can use a funnel to transfer the mixture directly into a sterilized jar while its still hot and close the lid immediately. Store in jar with an airtight seal. 15. It is great for spreading on toast or adding to a cheese tray. BeesWiki.com is an encyclopaedic website, which provides the most up to date and in depth information on bees & honey. At this point, the mixture should be just starting to look syrupy and will cling to the back of a spoon. You can find out more about our use, change your default settings, and withdraw your consent at any time with effect for the future by visiting Cookies Settings, which can also be found in the footer of the site. This will reduce the water content converting the nectar into honey. To make natural dandelion honey, thats also healthy, you need to make sure that you dandelion flowers are safe to eat. Soak petals in cold water for five minutes to allow time for any insects to exit, then drain. Strain the flower and lemon infused water through a fine sieve, making sure that you get as much liquid as possible from the mixture. I think you know what Im getting at! Thank you! Follow these simple instructions to make your dandelion honey: Place the flowers in a pot and pour the water over them. You can add a little bit of fresh herbs such as thyme, sage, bay leaves or lemon verbena to the petal-water mixture. This dandelion honey recipe really takes me back. Glucose Oxidase is an enzyme that is in honey, and this enzyme can catalyze the production of hydrogen peroxide. As part of this program. Pour the dandelion liquid into a large saucepan, add the sugar and bring the mixture to a simmer over medium heat. Get daily tips and expert advice to help you take your cooking skills to the next level. . Vegan Dandelion Honey!. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. Dandelion "honey' is not actually honey. For example, if you have 400ml of dandelion water, add 400g of sugar. Step 1: Harvest and clean your dandelion flower tops, save the greens and root for Arugula and dandelion greens salad with dandelion root lemon vinaigrette or dandelion lemonade.Step 2: Place the dandelion flower petals in a heavy saucepan along with water, lemon slices, and vanilla bean.Step 3: Bring to a boil over high heat, then reduce heat, and simmer for 20 minutes.Step 4: Remove pan from heat and let steep for 6 hours - overnight to infuse all the amazing benefits of dandelion.Step 5: Strain dandelion tea through a cheesecloth and discard plant material, leaving only the liquid.Step 6: Place the liquid in a saucepan and bring to a low boil.Step 7: Lower heat and let simmer uncovered until it reaches a syrupy thickness. Honey of this variety that is produced in North America tends to be darker than that produced in Europe. If you're concerned about who or what was tiptoeing through the dandelions before you picked them, the rinsing and boiling processes should eliminate any lingering. Run dandelion crowns and green through water, while carefully opening their crowns to be sure youve removed any dirt and pests. How to serve. Step 1: Harvest and clean your dandelion flower tops, save the greens and root for Arugula and dandelion greens salad with dandelion root lemon vinaigrette or dandelion lemonade. Gently remove the yellow leaves from the green stems and rinse them. Pick your dandelion flowers on a sunny day. Scientists in 2010 reported that honey through its protein (defensin-1) has the ability to kill bacteria. The key to delicious dandelion sorbet is to make your own dandelion honey. 4. Tastes really good and was easy to make. Dandelion honey is delicious and versatile, just like regular honey! It is clear that, at least at times, dandelions are beneficial to honey bees, native bees and other pollinators. That being said, it can be found and ordered from online retailers. Take off the heat and cool. As soon as it cools into a thick, syrupy consistency, it should be ready to go. 250 dandelion flowers; 4 cups raw honey; 2 lemons; 1 l of boiled and cooled water; Rinse and pat dry the flowers. Fill a jar 1/2 full with the sliced roots. The concentrated sugar preserves the honey and its safe to eat for a long time. Pour the liquid into a clean, sterilized mason jar or container and store in the fridge or in a cool dark place and it should keep for a few months. The dandelion honey taste is surprisingly like a normal honey, but with a flower fragrance. Did you know that you can make your own honey-like substance using just dandelions and sugar? But dandelion greens and root are bitter, and can change the taste of your honey. The mixture will thicken up A LOT as it cools so you dont want to wait until it is the consistency you would like for your honey. Place the water, lemon slices and dandelion flowers in a saucepan. This post may contain affiliate links. Most recipes for dandelion jelly use pectin to thicken the jelly. To tell this catsear from its better-known relative you need to look under its petals. Dont let the water to boil. Antioxidants are water soluble and many need to be processed fresh to preserve their effects. ***** THANKS FOR 1 000 000 VIEWS *****INGREDIENTS:350 dandelion flowers2 kg of sugar4 lemons1 l of waterI this video how to make dandelion honey you can see . In the morning the mixture was still not thick enough so we popped it back on the hob for another hour which resulted in a good honey texture but after we cooled a bit on a spoon it set solid so we added some boiling water . Caffeine is found in dozens of plants, most of them native to South America, Africa and South Asia. Turn off the heat and allow this to sit overnight. Steps to Make It. For that reason, if youre new to foraging, I recommend using a plant-identifying app to make sure youre picking dandelions! Purchasing from affiliate links does not cost you anything additionally, but it does help me run my blog. You should avoid dandelion honey if you have any allergies that may make you sensitive to either honey or dandelions. The vegan way, which is not really honey at all - but a vegan sugar syrup alternative made from dandelion flowers. This delicious, nutritious honey comes from the dandelion flower. Not everything that looks like a dandelion is one. Honey has many medicinal benefits on its own and when combined with dandelion root there are numerous ways to apply their combined healing powers. Gently shake off any bugs or choose dandelions with no insectif(typeof ez_ad_units!='undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[468,60],'practicalfrugality_com-large-mobile-banner-2','ezslot_3',184,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-practicalfrugality_com-large-mobile-banner-2-0'); There is no need to pick the yellow flowers from the middle, unless you want to leave the flowers to infuse overnight in the water. Over the past few years, this dandelion syrup has become increasingly popular as a vegan honey substitute. [2], In cooking, a syrup or sirup is a condiment that is a thick, viscous liquid consisting primarily of a solution of sugar in water, containing a large amount of dissolved sugars but showing little tendency to deposit crystals. Simmer very gently, stirring occasionally, until the syrup is your preferred consistency (1 - 2 hrs). Instructions. Lavender Bee's Knees (lavender lemon honey cocktail), How To Make Edible Moss For Woodland Cakes. Put roots and water in a pan and bring to boil (2 Tbs root to 16 oz water), then simmer for 20 minutes. This usually takes 45 minutes - one hour. edited Jul 16, 2010 at 19:47. answered Jul 16, 2010 at 19:29. flicken. Cut the dandelion stalks just under the flower head. Pour everything through a sieve, pour juice back into the pan. Because they arent as good a source of nutrition as other plants, honey bees show preference to alternatives as they become available. Make sure you have at least couple of small plates in the fridge before you start boiling your honey. This means fresh plants in 80-100 proof alcohol and honey. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); Honeycomb is a delicious treat that has been enjoyed by people since the beginni, The use of honey as a natural remedy for weight loss has been around for centuri, Fir Honey is one of the best-kept secrets of the forest. Its been proven that honey may prove beneficial in relieving cold and cough symptoms. Now you have an ideal way to use them just make sure to leave enough for the bees, too! It will thicken as it cools, but if you feel certain it isn't syrupy enough, add another cup of sugar and continue to simmer. Some assume thick honey is raw and thin, and watery water has been heated. 3. Now you will be left with a yellow liquid, this is your dandelion water. Here in the UK, dandelions are considered a weed (and the bane of many gardeners). However, it is typically the case that only robust colonies will produce a significant volume of dandelion honey. Add tablespoon to your honey. Taraxacum (/ t r k s k m /) is a large genus of flowering plants in the family Asteraceae, which consists of species commonly known as dandelions.The scientific and hobby study of the genus is known as taraxacology. Bring to a boil over high heat, then reduce heat, and simmer for 30 minutes. To make the honey you need in the ideal case 2 days. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); Youve made it to PlantYou, the community of over a million people who want to eat more plants. Here are a few ideas for how . It is also a great natural sweetener for coffee, tea, and baking. Bring to nearly a boil and then simmer (with the lid on) for about 10 minutes. Make mixture that must be thick enough to cover the dandelion blossoms wrapped around the surface and not to run down anywhere. Easy Sourdough Bread Recipe (Beginner's Guide). Step 4: Remove pan from heat and let steep for 6 hours - overnight to infuse all the amazing benefits of dandelion. 3 cups of water. Add sugar and simmer on low heat for about 1 hour. The warmth will cause it to properly seal (when using a canning jar) and help preserve it for longer. The World Health Organisation actually recommend honey as a natural cough remedy. Pour into sterilized jars and close immediately. To reduce the water content, the honey bees will fan their wings above the wax cell, this, in turn, will evaporate some of the water. This is quite an important ingredients, as if you use just the dandelion flowers and sugar, youll end up with very sweet, but bland honey. . Hello, I'm Magdalena and welcome to my frugal blog with practical saving tips, simple recipes and homemade crafts. (Nutrition information is calculated using an ingredient database and should be considered an estimate. In the first case the honey will be lighter, while in the second case you will get a honey similar to the one in the photos. "Raw . There has been positive effects of using raw honey on wounds & burns reported. The recipe is easy to make but there are some tips and tricks to know before you start. And the other two ways are actually made from dandelions infused in real honey. This would be great in our Fresh flower dandelion tea, dandelion lemonade and dandelion iced tea. In fact, dandelions are very important for bees, so make sure to leave plenty behind or make this when there lots of flowering in your area. Its pretty simple to make, and it lasts for months, just like regular honey. Were lucky to have a garden where they grow abundantly, without fertilizer, however we also dont have pets. Thank you so much you crazy vegans you! In a large skillet/pot, add the petals, sugar, and apple juice. 3 slices of lemon. Otherwise, we would not see them foraging on the flowers. On the first day you collect the dandelion flowers, wash them, make the tea and allow the flowers to steep in the tea for at least 12 hours. about me | contact | subscribe, COPYRIGHT 2020 ALPHAFOODIE To prepare dandelion honey, you need to use sugar. These include phenolic compounds like flavonoids and organic acids. Dandelion honey is a good substitute for honey for vegans or anyone who may have an allergy to traditional bee's honey, with a surprisingly similar flavor. (Optional) if you have a sugar thermometer you can check that the sugar syrup has . 4 cups of water. ), but its also perfect alternative to traditional honey for anyone on a vegan diet! document.getElementById( "ak_js_2" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); World of Honey 2022 All Rights Reserved. Store dandelion honey covered in the refrigerator. If you find that your honey is still too runny after the initial boiling time, just carry on boiling for further 5 minutes or so and re-test the honey on a cold plate like you would when testing jam or marmalade. I do this in bowls of water so any dirt can sink to the bottom of the bowl. She is a master gardener, herbalist, edible flower expert, professional food photographer and recipe developer. This can take 1 hour or more the exact time will vary based on the amount youre making, your pan, the exact heat youre using, etc. As soon as I use it for the first time, I like to transfer the vegan honey to the refrigerator. Scrub the lemon and orange, and slice them thickly. Heat several inches of water in a pot on the stove until it is almost boiling (but not quite) - then remove from heat. Strain out the flowers and lemon using a colander, reserving the liquid left behind. The easiest way is to pull the petals off whilst holding the base of the flower. I'm Carlo Cao a Swiss-Italian foodie! Im Samira, I make DIYs and I cook rainbow recipes. Reduce the heat to a gentle simmer and reduce until the mixture darkens and thickens. There are many uses for dandelion honey and in short, you use it as you would any other type of honey. It has a pungent, sharp taste and an aroma reminiscent of the flower itself but stronger like an essential oil of dandelion. Add water in a saucepan with the flowers and the sliced orange. You're awesome for doing it! Simmer, uncovered, for 20 minutes. Whisk in the olive oil. To be considered monofloral, honey usually has to contain a minimum of 10% nectar of the single flower . Theyre notoriously easy to harvest and simple to clean and use. If you are making the recipe in one day, you dont need to separate the yellow from the green stalk. Muslin (for filtering) Use it anywhere you would normally use honey, like in tea, baking, and on toast. High quality raw honey contains many helpful antioxidants. When you need your honey quickly, this is a good method. Infuse the flowers in the tea for only 2 hours, then strain the tea and boil it with sugar. : if you pull out their entire taproot, it can be washed, dried, and ground into a delicious coffee alternative. The higher the level of dandelion pollen the honey contains, the higher the ratio of glucose to fructose will be. Honey of this variety that is produced in North America tends to be darker than that produced in Europe. First time making dandelion syrup it was amazing, Your email address will not be published. I took half of my liquid out and let the other simmer longer, so one turned into a more flow-y, liquid-y honey texture and another into a thicker gooey . When the honey has reduced to about 2/3rds, you can test whether it is ready. The moment the honey bee collects the Dandelion nectar, it is mixed with an enzyme within the bees mouth. Reduce the heat to a gentle simmer and reduce until the mixture darkens and thickens. Dandelion honey is a vegan honey that was developed long ago out of the need to create a honey substitute that even poor families could afford. You don't need to save the dandelions for these little workaholics. Add the strained dandelion extract back to the pot, add the sugar, then bring it back to a boil. They will then deposit the dandelion honey into wax cells, but at this point, the water content may be too high. Slide the pan off the heat and do the cold plate test. 1 apple If its very crystallized, you could add the jar to a hot water bath. Bring to a boil, and simmer until desired consistency is achieved for approximately 25 minutes. Part bake the pastry in an oven preheated to 350 degrees. See our How to make flower infused honey for inspiration on what to try. Remove them as soon as you're happy with the level of herbal flavor, before any delicate floral notes get overpowered. Soak petals in cold water for five minutes to allow time for any insects to exit, then drain. Enjoy these other recipes on frolic and fare with dandelions. Since its natural and has a lot of extra nutrients in, its great for adding to herbal teas and teas made from fresh ginger (which are by the way great for calming down your upset stomach after youve eaten way too much oily popcorn). Dandelion Honey is a monofloral honey that is produced from dandelion nectar. Minerals and vitamins extract well into apple cider vinegar and honey. Gigi Hadids Vodka Pasta Sauce Recipe Veganized. Read on to discover why you should. Place a muslin cloth over a sieve on top of a bowl and strain out the liquid, giving the cloth a tight squeeze to release all the liquid. If not thickening adjust sugar level as needed and continue to simmer.. That means that it retains the bee pollen, propolis, and other beneficial compounds that are typically removed by fine filtering or destroyed by pasteurization during the processing that regular honey goes through. Step 2: Simmer the dandelion honey. Strain out the flowers and lemon using a colander, reserving the liquid left behind. Dandelion ( Taraxacum officinale ) is a plant often regarded as a weed but one that may offer health benefits by acting as a diuretic ("water pill") or potentially boosting the immune system to help fight infections. Hugs, Carlo. In fact, the ingredients needed are cheap and easily available. Dandelion honey isn't honey made by bees, but rather it is really dandelion syrup made from the flowers and sugar. If possible, leave it overnight. Weigh the dandelion water and prepare a second bowl with the same weight of sugar. 2. The longer you cook it, the thicker and darker it gests. BEST OVERALL: Eco Garden Pro Organic Vinegar Weed Killer. If not, return to boil and boil for another 5 minutes. So, viscosity is not a sure way to judge whether your honey is raw or has been pasteurized. Let me know in the comments if there are other ways youd use it! Measure the liquid leftover, and place it in a pot with . Before you jump into the kitchen please read this blog-post carefully. Also, Id appreciate a recipe card rating below, and feel free to tag me in your recipe recreations on Instagram @Alphafoodie! This is typically due to regular mass-produced honey being fine filtered and pasteurized. This will cool it quickly and give you an idea of what the texture will be once its cooled. Add all of your ingredients to a small sauce pan. (youd wash out all the honey pollen), Spread them out on a tray and let any bugs or flies to crawl away by themselves. Still, because of the seasonality and availability weve often found it available consistently in select places such as Poland, Italy and the UK. No. Put the dandelion liquid in to a pan and add the sugar. There are fast infusions, which include heating your honey and ingredients on low heat so that the honey takes on the flavor quickly. Its simple: This recipe only uses three ingredients and water and one of those ingredients you can find in your backyard. The genus is native to Eurasia and North America, but the two most commonplace species worldwide, T. officinale (the common dandelion) and T. erythrospermum (the red . Pick through your dandelion petals to ensure that there's as little white fluff as possible, and no green, bitter stems. It is difficult to give an exact shelf life. Foragers can confuse Dandelion with Sow Thistle (Sonchus oleraceus), Cats Ear . Luckily, there are now plenty of absolutely delicious and easy-to-prepare alternatives to honey, and this dandelion honey is proof of that! Cover the pot with a lid and let the mixture steep for about two hours. Tips and use of dandelion honey: - You can use more flowers to one brew, taste will be better, much more *full* - Sugar must be crystal, not flour-like (because of thickening of honey) - Lemon can be replaced with orange - Cool dandelion honey thickens even more, but not as much as bees honey Which, unfortunately, destroys many of the antibacterial and active elements. Add 3 slices of lemon and a sliced apple to your pan - these both contain pectin which will help thicken your honey and will also increase the depth of flavour.Heat the mixture to a boil, simmer gently for 15 minutes and then leave to steep. However because of its thick consistency and because its made using pollen it is called honey. Privacy Policy. They might loose their flavour a little, but its better to freeze them then to throw them, if you cant finish making your dandelion honey in one day. Order a jar of Dandelion Honey today and taste the difference! STEP 4 - Prepare your syrup: Strain all the mixture through a sieve into a bowl, making sure you give it a good squeeze to get all the liquid out. . Dandelion honey can be found in virtually all of these countries. Use the same method used in our How to make flower infused honey. Dandelion has a beautiful flavor and texture, very similar to real honey - but is a safe alternative to vegans. You can also freeze it up to a year. And the honey won't turn out bitter if you don't remove the green part. Hope you enjoy making this one & do let me know how you get on in the comments below! This is not a dandelion. Because European Dandelion Honey is light in color it pairs well with mild cheeses. Dandelion syrup ready to skim and canned. You can use this dandelion honey in almost all the ways youd use regular honey. omelettes and risottos. Keep it stored in an airtight container, so that it doesn't absorb moisture from the air. Place petals in a heavy saucepan along with water, lemon slices, and vanilla bean. This honey is made by bees who collect nectar from the flowers. : note that some people can have an allergic reaction to dandelion pollen. In this case, the honey will taste less like dandelion. I love using it to drizzle on my toast or add as a topping to plain coconut yogurt. Adding sugar makes the mixture gel, so that it resembles bee honey. They are known for their bright yellow blooms and for being a weed. Honey bees are eusocial insects that live in colonies A honey bee colonies are complex societies consisting of members of the same species coexisting together in a unit, each with, Honey bees are eusocial insects that live in colonies Honey bees are eusocial insects belonging to the Apidae family and the genus Apis.
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