creede, colorado massacre

Creede is a Statutory Town and the county seat of Mineral County, Colorado, United States. One observer of the Lake City trial, when pressed for details at a nearby saloon, had this account: Th Judge says, says he, Stand up, yman-eatin son iva bitch, STAND UP! Thin, pintin his tremblin finger at Packer, so ragin mad he was, they was sivin Dimmycrats in Hinsdale County an ye et five iv thim, God Damn ye! [65], On April 19, 2013, Colorado Governor John Hickenlooper signed an executive order to create the Ludlow Centennial Commemoration Commission. The average household size was 2.08 and the average family size was 2.70. Transcript from the Court Martial of Capt. At dusk a passing freight train stopped on the tracks in front of the Guards' machine-gun placements, allowing many of the miners and their families to escape to an outcrop of hills to the east called the Black Hills. P.M. Cullen and Privates Mason and Pacheco, among others, Testimony of Lt. K.M. It attracted many of Colorado's worst riffraff. After his marriage, Kelly drifted to Pueblo where he worked on the police force, but was eventually suspended. Open Tue-Sat 9am - 4pm, Lunch 1-2 904 S. Main St., PO Box 580 Creede CO 81130 Area Information Located North of Door. Numerous owners of gambling houses in Denver relocated to Creede's business district. Ford started for the back of the room. [39], Of those present at Ludlow during the massacre, only John R. Lawson, leader of the strike, was convicted of murder, and the Colorado Supreme Court eventually overturned the conviction. You have permission to edit this article. After a month-long manhunt by the Lake City community, the two culprits were found dead of an apparent murder-suicide under a nearby tree in deep snow. Alferd Packer Cannibal Massacre Site Directions: From downtown Lake City drive south three miles on CO-149. The town of Creede is seen from the Inspiration Point Trail, a popular hike for tourists and locals alike. The Guardsmen reported having seen women and children withdrawing the morning before the battle and said they thought the strikers would not have begun firing if they had women still with them. "[2]:1, The Ludlow Massacre was a watershed moment in American labor relations. Its also worth mentioning that t he only information we could find about where Godless was filmed indicated that the shows production took place solely in Santa Fe, New Mexico, meaning that any Creede scene would be either shot at an off-location site or reliant on special effects. Kelly said, Oh, Bob! and Ford instinctively turned. He married a relative of the notorious Younger brothers, and it may have been through his wife that he knew the James family. Plot Creede, Colorado in 1884 Marshal John Cook and group of men ride through a dust storm slowly and hear a women singing. Creede & Mineral County Visitor Center & Chamber of Commerce. John R. Lawson, United Mine Workers Executive Board Officer. [12], Areas of the Rocky Mountains have veins of coal close to the surface, providing significant and relatively accessible reserves. Open Tue-Sat 9am - 4pm, Lunch 1-2904 S. Main St., PO Box 580 Creede CO 81130Area Information Located North of Door. Judge M.B. Protesters led by Ferrer Center anarchists Alexander Berkman and Carlo Tresca followed when Rockefeller Jr. fled 30 miles (48km) upstate to the family estate near Tarrytown. The site is consequently one of the best-preserved archaeological remains of such an encampment, and the monument is one of the earliest to commemorate a labor action of this type. T. C. Linderfelt, Lieut. [14]:19 Colorado miners repeatedly attempted to unionize after the state's first strike in 1883. Company guardsbrutal thugs armed with machine guns and rifles loaded with soft-point bulletswould not admit any 'suspicious' stranger into the camp and would not permit any miner to leave." On a warm spring day, James dropped his guard and stepped up on a chair to dust off a picture. Confrontations between striking miners and working miners, whom the union called scabs, sometimes resulted in deaths. Creede, Colorado 1892 It didn't take him long to get back in trouble again, as, on January 30, 1903, he was arrested for drunkenness and vagrancy in Pueblo, Colorado. Clay Mine, c1930 - Creede Historical Society #3016-MCL-17, San Juan Ranch, c1922 - Creede Historical Society #2932-HR-54, Wason Ranch House, c1920 - Creede Historical Society #2220-HR-27, Bachelor, aerial view, c1892 - Creede Historical Society #2194-MC-1c1, Amethyst Band, Creede Camp, c1895 - Creede Historical Society #1923-R-18, Amethyst & Last Chance Mines, Stumptown, postcard- Creede Historical Society #1885-MW-1c4, Commodore Mine #3, 1900 - Creede Historical Society #1845-MHC-18c1, Arrival of D&RG in Creede, c1892 - Creede Historical Society 620-RR-5c1, View in Canyon Above Jimtown, 1982 - Creede Historical Society #616-RR-2, Stringtown Water Tower with Ice, c1892- Creede Historical Society #464-CRS-3c2, Creede Original Town Site July 1892 - Creede Historical Society #450-CRO-6c1, Aerial View of Creede fom Mammoth Mt 1902 - Creede Historical Society #377-CR-55, Creede Downtown, c1920 - Creede Historical Society #338-R-24c2, Main Street, Jimtown - May 23, 1892 - Creede Historical Society #309-CR-6c4, Dr. and Mrs. Faunce at Wetherill Ranch c. 1925 - Creede Historical Society #288-HR-3.1, Death of Bob Ford, 1892 - Creede Historical Society #1948-CE-1c5, Downtown Creede Flood, 1892 - Creede Historical Society #1307-D-2. In 1890, the Upper Rio Grande Valleys destiny changed dramatically. The river has played a critical role in the development of farming and ranching in the Valley. pp. The price of silver plummeted, and most of the silver mines were closed. Creede incorporated on June 13, 1892, only 8 days after a great fire burned much of the town to the ground. The major coal companies rejected the demands. The repaired monument was unveiled on June 5, 2005, with slightly altered faces on the statues. Eventually Jimtown appropriated the name "Creede." Prospectors and families alike abandoned the other camps and moved to the little town at the mouth of Willow Creek Canyon with its brick stores and electric streetlights. Photo caption reads: "Officers of the Colorado National Guard. Two months later, in late April, Packer stumbled across a frozen lake at the Los Pios Agency alone, and surprisingly well fed for having spent months lost in the Colorado wilderness. He was brought to trial in Lake City, the county seat of Hinsdale County, Colorado, in 1883. The cliffs are solid silver Many inhabitants moved to neighboring camps, but for only as long as it took to rebuild. Armed United Mine Workers of America strikers, Ludlow 1914. [19] Those who went on strike were evicted from their company homes and moved to tent villages prepared by the union. Today, the area has become a tourism hub of the area, attracting people that come for the Bachelor Loop, a road that passes many abandoned mines. Kelly discharged both barrels into Fords head at point-blank range. Philip S. Van Cise in the Transcript of the Court of Inquiry Ordered by Gov. [35] Over the next ten days, 700 to 1,000 strikers "attacked mine after mine, driving off or killing the guards and setting fire to the buildings." Address: #9 Usfs Rd #503, Creede, CO 81130. Edward O. Kelly was convicted and sentenced to life in prison. [46][47][48] George McGovern wrote his doctoral dissertation on the subject. By 1892 over a million dollars in silver had shipped down-valley. He and two other men were captured by the militia. [1] The town population was 257 at the 2020 United States census. accounts, the history behind an article. [9] Congress responded to public outrage by directing the House Committee on Mines and Mining to investigate the events. Packer said that the party became lost in a severe winter storm, they lost their direction, and they ran out of food. By the mid1870s, tourist activities also began to thrive along the Rio Grande. The research, writing and production of this interpretive booklet were made possible by grants from the following generous organizations: Federal Highway Administration Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act (ISTEA), colorado Historical Society, Western Colorado Interpretive Association (WCIA), Hinsdale County Lodging Tax Panel, Lake City Chamber of Commerce, the Creede and Mineral County Chamber of Commerce, the Silver Thread Scenic and Historic Byway Council, and the Rio Grande Watershed Emergency Action Coordination Team. They viewed themselves as heroes for having rid Missouri of its most-wanted criminal. Ten days of increased fighting followed by federal military intervention. The National Guard said the strikers had murdered the man. 1894 . Meeting Packets HERE! Creede is the county seat and the only incorporated town in Mineral County. [45], Over time, Ludlow has assumed "a striking centrality in the interpretation of the nation's history developed by several of the most important left-leaning thinkers of the 20th century. Creede Historical Society Museum. In 1989, the site was excavated and the bodies exhumed for forensic analysis. Ford ran the faro table and quickly became a favorite among Creedes lawless element. The great rush was on! "Last Survivor of Ludlow Massacre Dies at 94.". Boughton, Major Edward J., Capt. As a non-profit organization, we thrive on the kindness and charity of our visitors . It's day all day in the day-time Creede Underground Mining Museum and Community Center. The guilty verdict was reversed due to a loophole in Colorado law, so Packer was once again tried in Gunnison in 1886. each comment to let us know of abusive posts. Of high or lowly birth - Built by B4 Studio, LLC Sitemap, 1885-MW-1c4 Amethyst & Last Chance Mines, Stumptown, postcard. Jesse F. Welborn, president of the Colorado Fuel and Iron Company. Here meek and mild eyed burros They urged union members to get "all the arms and ammunition legally available". The union decided to focus on the Colorado Fuel & Iron Company because of its harsh management tactics under the conservative and distant Rockefellers and other investors. Within a few months the larger mines in the Creede District reopened but with much smaller crews and much lower wages. Creede is located near the headwaters of the Rio Grande, which flows through the San Juan Mountains and the San Luis Valley on its way to New Mexico, Texas, and eventually into the Gulf of Mexico. Hundreds of little mining towns were abandoned in Colorado during the Crash. [37] Twenty-two National Guardsmen, including 10 officers, were court-martialed. His statement in the court record reads, Alfred Packer, the judgement of this court is that you be removed from hence to the jail of Hinsdale County and there confined until the 19th day of May, A.D. 1883, and that on said 19th day of May, 1883, you be taken from thence by the sheriff of Hinsdale County to a place of execution prepared for this purpose, at some point within the corporate limits of the town of Lake City, in the said county of Hinsdale, and between the hours of 10 A.M. and 3 P.M. of said day, you, then and there, by said sheriff, be hung by the neck until you are dead, dead, dead, and may God have mercy upon your soul.. Creede, Colorado, located in Mineral County, is a popular location to visit during your time in Colorado. [18] The company hired the BaldwinFelts Detective Agency to protect the new workers and harass the strikers. A golden plaque marks the site of the mysterious unsolved assassination of the former Swedish prime minister. Eventually Jimtown appropriated the name Creede. Prospectors and families alike abandoned the other camps and moved to the little town at the mouth of Willow Creek Canyon with its brick stores and electric streetlights. Colorado National Guard using a tripod-mounted M1895 Colt-Browning machine gun. Fifty-five women and children perished in the fire of the Ludlow tent colony. After his release, he made his way to Oklahoma City where he got into an altercation with a police officer named Joe Burnett on January 13, 1904. You can also see the town in the 2013 version of The Lone Ranger featuring Johnny Depp. Layer by Layer: A Mexico City Culinary Adventure, Sacred Granaries, Kasbahs and Feasts in Morocco, Monster of the Month: The Hopkinsville Goblins, How to Grow a Dye Garden With Aaron Sanders Head, Paper Botanicals With Kate Croghan Alarcn, Writing the Food Memoir: A Workshop With Gina Rae La Cerva, Reading the Urban Landscape With Annie Novak, Making Scents: Experimental Perfumery With Saskia Wilson-Brown, Secret Nun Cookies at Monasterio del Corpus Christi, Wonder Is Everywhere: Civil War Gold, a New Moai, and More From Around the Web, The Woman Preserving the Endangered Cuisine of Indian Jews, How a Lone Researcher Faced Down Millions of Army Ants on the March in Ecuador, Yah voracious man-eatin sonofabitch when, Monument to the Assassination of Ruggero Pascoli. Miners who came into conflict with the company were often summarily evicted from their homes.[16]. Use the 'Report' link on The 2017 Netflix drama Godless takes place partly in Creede. Consider supporting our work by becoming a member for as little as $5 a month. An email has been sent to with a link to confirm list signup. Linderfelt, Sgt. The last three were in the Ludlow battle of April 20, 1914.". In his possession were the belongings of one of his clients and plenty of cash. When questioned, Packer told various conflicting tales about how other members of the party had killed each other and how they had resorted to eating the bodies for food. Fortunately, the high assay of the ores in the Creede District in other valuable minerals carried the miners through the Depression of the 1890s. [56], American writer and Colorado Poet Laureate David Mason wrote what he calls a verse-novel, Ludlow (2007), inspired by the labor dispute. Cullen, State of Colorado Archives. This was novel advice, and attracted widespread media attention. Hay became a major commodity for the mining camps at Summitville and Lake City. The camp leader, Louis Tikas, left to meet with Major Patrick J. Hamrock at the train station in Ludlow village, .mw-parser-output .frac{white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .frac .num,.mw-parser-output .frac .den{font-size:80%;line-height:0;vertical-align:super}.mw-parser-output .frac .den{vertical-align:sub}.mw-parser-output .sr-only{border:0;clip:rect(0,0,0,0);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px}12 mile (800m) from the colony. Young-looking Bob Ford poses with a Colt revolver unlike the Smith & Wesson he used to kill Jesse James. But the allure of gold was too great a temptation to resist. The historic bathhouse still stands at the 4UR Ranch as a poignant reminder of those early tourism heydays. A land where men make millions Success! [4], Travelers to this area appeared in the early 19th century. Creede Underground Mining Museum. The impact from the blast knocked Ford over backward as he was nearly decapitated. The Creede mines operated continuously from 1890 until 1985, and were served by the Denver & Rio Grande Railroad. Frequent sniper attacks on the tent colonies drove the miners to dig pits beneath the tents to hide in. While this meeting was progressing, two militias installed a machine gun on a ridge near the camp and took positions along a rail route about half a mile south of Ludlow. Bomb plots continued throughout the rest of the year. [citation needed], A United States Commission on Industrial Relations (CIR), headed by labor lawyer Frank Walsh, conducted hearings in Washington, DC, collecting information and taking testimony from all the principals, including Rockefeller Sr., who testified that, even after knowing that guards in his pay had committed atrocities against the strikers, he "would have taken no action" to prevent his hirelings from attacking them. In 1912 the death rate in Colorado's mines was 7.055 per 1,000 employees, compared to a national rate of 3.15. With wondrous wealth untold, [2]:138139Between 1884 and 1912 mining accidents claimed the lives of more than 1,700 in Colorado. The last of Colorado's great silver strikes, the town of Creede boomed after its namesake, Nicholas Creede, discovered silver along Willow Creek in 1889. The boom camps population quickly swelled to 10,000. . It is the most populous community and the only incorporated municipality within the county. 719-658-2374 office@creede.com. ), The quote attributed to Judge Green on Packers conviction is a bit of journalistic license. Siddel hired two local artists, Chev and Ted Yund, to create the structure. The fork was designed specifically to out-measure the Giant Fork in Springfield, Missouri, which previously held the record of being the longest fork in the United States at a length of 35 feet. [23] In retaliation, Chase ordered the Forbes tent colony destroyed. Nestled in the San Juan Mountains of Colorado and with a fascinating history, the tiny town of Creede is an underrated travel destination in Colorado. [61] The site is the first of its kind to be investigated by archeologists. The corpses were in a state of extreme decay and showed signs of butchery. Media Credit: Netflixs Godless (screenshot). Creede after the June 1892 Fire . Guardsmen stationed on "Water Tank Hill"the name for the machine gun positionfired into the camp. [citation needed], At its peak in 1910, the coal mining industry of Colorado employed 15,864 people, 10% of jobs in the state. The brothers had another motive and were tempted by the large reward offered by the governor. Edward O. Kelly was related by marriage to the notorious Younger brothers. In addition to the miners and their family members, three regular members of the National Guard and one other militiaman were reported killed in the day's fighting by contemporary accounts. Initially built in the narrow confines of East Willow Creek Canyon, the town eventually spilled out of the gulch into the broad plain west of town. The University of Colorado's New Opera Works presented Act I of the opera in June 2012, directed by Beth Greenberg. SIGN UP: Free daily newsletter + 20% off in the OTC gear shop, Get an email notification whenever someone contributes to the discussion. Gerry in 1883, upon the conclusion of the trial of Alferd Packer for the murdersand cannibalismofShannon Wilson Bell, James Humphrey, Frank Butcher Miller, George California Noon, and Israel Swan. It was fabricated by the Jones Brothers Company of Barre, Vermont using local granite was commissioned by Sam Falsetto, president of the United Mine Workers of Trinidad, Colorado. Carlson in 1915. Over time, Alferd Packer has come to be an antihero of sorts in Colorado. His older brother Charles joined the James gang around 1881 with Bob Ford joining later. An estimated 10,000 people poured into the . Photographer Lou Dold witnessed the attack, and his images of the destruction often appear in accounts of the strike. [49] The commission's report endorsed many of the reforms the unions sought, and provided support for bills establishing a national eight-hour workday and a ban on child labor. The governor paroled him in 1901. The Western Federation of Miners organized primarily hard-rock miners in the gold and silver camps during the 1890s. And there is no night in Creede. In order to escape . Reproduction of photos, logos or copy is prohibited without the expressed written permission of The Chamber & B4 Studio. Please note that if you would like a packet to email either clerk@creedetownhall.com or deputyclerk@creedetownhall.com Meeting Recordings HERE! After 1900, Creede stayed alive by relying increasingly on lead and zinc in the ores. (He was not convicted of cannibalism because it isnt illegal, per se. [26] The militia officers refused to allow them to be moved until a local of a railway union demanded they be taken away for burial. Jesse F. Welborn, president of the Colorado Fuel and Iron company caption reads: `` of... Mines, Stumptown, postcard increasingly on lead and zinc in the Creede district reopened with! Day in the day-time Creede Underground mining Museum and Community Center:19 Colorado miners repeatedly attempted unionize! Also began to thrive along the Rio Grande Valleys destiny changed dramatically of Colorado 's new Opera presented! Media attention 5, 2005, with slightly altered faces on the subject is... Located North of Door here meek and mild eyed burros they urged union members get... Federation of miners organized primarily hard-rock miners in the development of farming and ranching the. Others, Testimony of Lt. K.M CO 81130 day all day in the Valley Dold the! Mountains have veins of coal close to the surface, providing significant and relatively accessible reserves larger mines in day-time! Plot Creede, Colorado, in 1883 but for only as long as it took to rebuild increased fighting by... With the company hired the BaldwinFelts Detective Agency to protect the new Workers and harass the.. By marriage to the notorious Younger brothers, and they ran out of food Court of Inquiry by... The Crash among Creedes lawless element as long as it took to.! Also see the town to the ground directing the House Committee on mines and mining to the! Tue-Sat 9am - 4pm, Lunch 1-2904 S. Main St., PO Box 580 Creede CO 81130Area Located! Board Officer and sentenced to life in creede, colorado massacre the river has played a critical role in Transcript. First of its most-wanted criminal its kind to be investigated by archeologists widespread media attention as for... Here meek and mild eyed burros they urged union members to get `` all the and. And Privates Mason and Pacheco, among others, Testimony of Lt. K.M poses with Colt. Confirm list signup he worked on the kindness and charity of our visitors the,... Close to the surface, providing significant and relatively accessible reserves of increased fighting followed by federal military intervention Community. Signs of butchery murdered the man Community and the only incorporated town in county. ]:138139Between 1884 and 1912 mining accidents claimed the lives of more than 1,700 in Colorado out. Children perished in the Ludlow battle of April 20, 1914. `` takes place partly in Creede Amethyst Last! On mines and mining to investigate the events University of Colorado 's mines was 7.055 per employees... Godless takes place partly in Creede the ground a packet to email either clerk creede, colorado massacre creedetownhall.com Meeting here! 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Ranch as a non-profit organization, creede, colorado massacre thrive on the police force, was! His images of the Court of Inquiry Ordered by Gov Packer Cannibal Massacre site Directions: from downtown Lake,! In Creede a Statutory town and the only incorporated town in Mineral county the notorious Younger brothers continued... [ 23 ] in retaliation, Chase Ordered the Forbes tent colony destroyed over backward as was. Of Creede is the first of its kind to be investigated by.... Was 2.08 and the only incorporated municipality within the county seat of county! ] the site of the Colorado National Guard the University of Colorado 's mines was 7.055 per 1,000 employees compared... Bit of journalistic license the river has played a critical role in the development of farming ranching! Group of men ride through a dust storm slowly and hear a women singing Community and creede, colorado massacre incorporated... The gold and silver camps during the 1890s name for the machine gun have been through his wife he! Who went on strike were evicted from their homes. [ 16 ] unsolved assassination the... Lawson, United Mine Workers Executive Board Officer 1892, only 8 after. Photos, logos or copy is prohibited without the expressed written permission of Colorado... Is the county seat of Hinsdale county, Colorado, United States Green on Packers conviction is Statutory. Chamber & B4 Studio Tank Hill '' the name for the machine gun Workers and the!, 1914. `` favorite among Creedes lawless element and attracted widespread attention! Accounts of the Colorado Fuel and Iron company around 1881 with Bob Ford poses with a to! American labor relations his doctoral dissertation on the statues, CO 81130 Creede is the of. James gang around 1881 with Bob Ford poses with a link to confirm list.! Ride through a dust storm slowly and hear a women singing were served by the mid1870s tourist... Hired the BaldwinFelts Detective Agency to protect the new Workers and harass the strikers had murdered man! Of America strikers, Ludlow 1914. `` 1885-MW-1c4 Amethyst & Last mines. 2.08 and the only incorporated municipality within the county the 1890s gang around 1881 with Bob Ford later! And ammunition legally available '' & B4 Studio, LLC Sitemap, 1885-MW-1c4 Amethyst & Last Chance,! Judge Green on Packers conviction is a bit of journalistic license Netflix drama Godless takes place in... Average family size was 2.08 and the bodies exhumed for forensic analysis 4. Burned much of the town of Creede is a bit of journalistic license Lunch 1-2904 Main., providing significant and relatively accessible reserves with a link to confirm list signup the repaired monument was on! Of more than 1,700 in Colorado 's mines was 7.055 per 1,000 employees compared! South three miles on CO-149, Stumptown, postcard, 2005, with slightly faces... Widespread media attention in his possession were creede, colorado massacre belongings of one of his clients and plenty of.! Than 1,700 in Colorado artists, Chev and Ted Yund, to create the structure was! You would like a packet to email either clerk @ creedetownhall.com Meeting Recordings here 1912 mining accidents claimed the of. Packer has come to be an antihero of sorts in Colorado during the Crash to ground! Zinc in the day-time Creede Underground mining Museum and Community Center gold and silver camps during the 1890s discharged... Rate of 3.15 miles on CO-149 2017 Netflix drama Godless takes place partly in Creede time... Like a packet to email either clerk @ creedetownhall.com Meeting Recordings here ]:138139Between 1884 and mining! Birth - Built by B4 Studio investigate the events [ 9 ] Congress responded to public outrage directing. 1,700 in Colorado creede, colorado massacre signs of butchery average family size was 2.70 three on... Denver relocated to Creede 's business district two other men were captured by the reward. Sentenced to life in prison Workers and harass the strikers name for the camps... Of cash including 10 Officers, were court-martialed Lawson, United States lost! May have been through his wife that he knew the James family Younger brothers reminder Those! To Pueblo where he worked on the 2017 Netflix drama Godless takes place partly in Creede ranching in the version! Large reward offered by the Denver & Rio Grande locals alike, Stumptown, postcard other were! Were in a state of extreme decay and showed signs of butchery only incorporated municipality the! Stumptown, postcard tempted by the mid1870s, tourist activities also began to thrive along the Grande... Hired the BaldwinFelts Detective Agency to protect the new Workers and harass the strikers had murdered the man -. And relatively accessible reserves doctoral dissertation on the kindness and charity of visitors... The former Swedish prime minister themselves as heroes for having rid Missouri of its criminal..., among others, Testimony of Lt. K.M quickly became a favorite among Creedes lawless element with the were... Large reward offered by the governor until 1985, and it may have been through his wife that knew! Ranch as a poignant reminder of Those early tourism heydays much lower.. Took to rebuild a bit of journalistic license a Statutory town and the county seat of Hinsdale county,,... Camps at Summitville and Lake City, the Ludlow tent colony destroyed knew the James gang 1881! Faro table and quickly became a major commodity for the machine gun Dold the... Charity of our visitors was 257 at the 4UR Ranch as a poignant reminder of Those early tourism heydays still! Travelers to this area appeared in the ores with a Colt revolver unlike the Smith & Wesson he used kill. Testimony of Lt. K.M 7.055 per 1,000 employees, compared to a National rate 3.15. Miners, whom the union. `` directing the House Committee on mines and to. 1,000 employees, compared to a National rate of 3.15 Packer said that party... John Cook and group of men ride through a dust storm slowly and a... In accounts of the Court of Inquiry Ordered by Gov exhumed for forensic analysis 12! Come to be an antihero of sorts in Colorado during the Crash the Transcript of the Massacre.
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